l-carnitine tmao koeth 2013 nature medicine Gut Microbiota-Dependent Marker in Promoting Cardiovascular Disease: Inflammation Mechanism, Clinical Prognostic, and Potential as a Therapeutic Target Trimethylamine N‐oxide: breathe new life
Trimethylamine Noxide: breathe new life Subramaniam 2018 British Journal of Pharmacology Wiley Online Library Gut Microbiota Derived TMAO: A Causal Factor Promoting Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease? Butyrobetaine is a pro atherogenic intermediate in gut microbial metabolism of L carnitine to TMAO PMC Intestinal microbiota metabolism of l carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis Nature Medicine Butyrobetaine Is a Proatherogenic Intermediate in Gut Microbial Metabolism of L Carnitine to TMAO ScienceDirect
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